How bad is VAPING really?

Sources and references for the latest Youtube video about the science of Vaping, why Australia banned it and what it does to your lungs.

  • https://www.health.gov.au/ministers/the-hon-mark-butler-mp/media/television-interview-with-minister-butler-and-bridget-brennan-abc-news-breakfast-21-march-2024

  • https://iview.abc.net.au/video/NBKC2023103613786

  • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N68i-YTWDSo

  • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O4_l-klxqCQ

  • https://www.abs.gov.au/articles/insights-australian-smokers-2021-22

  • https://theconversation.com/how-bad-is-vaping-and-should-it-be-banned-197913

  • https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/e-cigarettes-and-heated-tobacco-products-evidence-review/evidence-review-of-e-cigarettes-and-heated-tobacco-products-2018-executive-summary

  • https://www.theguardian.com/australia-news/2022/nov/29/government-to-crack-down-on-nicotine-e-cigarettes-as-rates-of-teen-vaping-skyrocket

  • Becoña, Elisardo, et al. "Anxiety, affect, depression and cigarette consumption." Personality and Individual Differences 26.1 (1998): 113-119.

  • Javed, Sana, et al. "A scoping review of vaping, e-cigarettes and mental health impact: depression and suicidality." Journal of community hospital internal medicine perspectives 12.3 (2022): 33.

  • https://www.ljari.tech/

  • Zhu, M., et al. "Electronic nicotine vapor exposure produces differential changes in central amygdala neuronal activity, thermoregulation and locomotor behavior in male mice." Eneuro 8.4 (2021).

  • Wittenberg, Ruthie E., et al. "Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors and nicotine addiction: A brief introduction." Neuropharmacology 177 (2020): 108256.

  • Wonnacott, Susan, Nimish Sidhpura, and David JK Balfour. "Nicotine: from molecular mechanisms to behaviour." Current opinion in pharmacology 5.1 (2005): 53-59.

  • Chaiton, Michael, et al. "Smoking, e-cigarettes and the effect on respiratory symptoms among a population sample of youth: Retrospective cohort study." Tobacco induced diseases 21 (2023).

  • Dinu, Vlad, et al. "Policy, toxicology and physicochemical considerations on the inhalation of high concentrations of food flavour." npj Science of Food 4.1 (2020): 15.

  • https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/scripts/cdrh/cfdocs/cfcfr/CFRSearch.cfm?fr=184.1278&SearchTerm=diacetyl

  • https://www.cdc.gov/os/wewerethere/diacetyl/index.html

  • Atkins, Graham, and Frank Drescher. "Acute inhalational lung injury related to the use of electronic nicotine delivery system (ENDS)." Chest 148.4 (2015): 83A.

  • Clapp, Phillip W., et al. "Cinnamaldehyde in flavored e-cigarette liquids temporarily suppresses bronchial epithelial cell ciliary motility by dysregulation of mitochondrial function." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology237 316.3 (2019): L470-L486.

  • Clapp, Phillip W., et al. "Flavored e-cigarette liquids and cinnamaldehyde impair respiratory innate immune cell function." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 313.2 (2017): L278-L292.

  • Komura, Moegi, et al. "Propylene glycol, a component of electronic cigarette liquid, damages epithelial cells in human small airways." Respiratory Research 23.1 (2022): 216.

  • Wieslander, Gunillla, D. Norbäck, and Torsten Lindgren. "Experimental exposure to propylene glycol mist in aviation emergency training: acute ocular and respiratory effects." Occupational and environmental medicine 58.10 (2001): 649-655.


  • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zlc4VrDx_qk

  • https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diacetyl

  • https://cdn-ifkap.nitrocdn.com/hhsTjqigDlYlUXhxmhMDYtFLDhEnslCn/assets/images/optimized/rev-f1c2c5d/vaperite.co.za/wp-content/uploads/2024/04/DD-13642-Vaperite-Blog-Unlocking-Your-Flavour-Palette-Exploring-Longfill-E-Liquids-For-Vaping-Enthusiasts-1024x1024.jpg

  • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s3l5conuMAM

  • https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211335516300523

  • https://www.pbs.org/newshour/health/fda-warns-stores-to-stop-selling-fruity-disposable-e-cigarettes

  • https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/2395193/

  • https://gimletmedia.com/shows/science-vs/6nh3veng


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